Network Address Functions and Operators
cidr and inet Operators
The operators «, «=, >>, and >>= test for subnet inclusion. They consider only the network parts of the two addresses (ignoring any host part) and determine whether one network is identical to or a subnet of the other.
<
Description: Is less than
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' < inet '192.168.1.6' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)<=
Description: Is less than or equals
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' <= inet '192.168.1.5' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)=
Description: Equals
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' = inet '192.168.1.5' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)>=
Description: Is greater than or equals
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' >= inet '192.168.1.5' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)>
Description: Is greater than
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' > inet '192.168.1.4' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)<>
Description: Does not equal to
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' <> inet '192.168.1.4' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)«
Description: Is contained in
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.5' << inet '192.168.1/24' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)«=
Description: Is contained in or equals
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1/24' <<= inet '192.168.1/24' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)>>
Description: Contains
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1/24' >> inet '192.168.1.5' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)>>=
Description: Contains or equals
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1/24' >>= inet '192.168.1/24' AS RESULT; result -------- t (1 row)~
Description: Bitwise NOT
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT ~ inet '192.168.1.6' AS RESULT; result --------------- 63.87.254.249 (1 row)&
Description: Performs an AND operation on each bit of the two network addresses.
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.6' & inet '10.0.0.0' AS RESULT; result --------- 0.0.0.0 (1 row)|
Description: Performs an OR operation on each bit of the two network addresses.
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.6' | inet '10.0.0.0' AS RESULT; result ------------- 202.168.1.6 (1 row)
Description: Addition
Example:
```
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.6' + 25 AS RESULT;
result
--------------
192.168.1.31
(1 row)
```
Description: Subtraction
Example:
```
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.43' - 36 AS RESULT;
result
-------------
192.168.1.7
(1 row)
```
Description: Subtraction
Example:
```
openGauss=# SELECT inet '192.168.1.43' - inet '192.168.1.19' AS RESULT;
result
--------
24
(1 row)
```
cidr and inet Functions
The abbrev, host, and text functions are primarily intended to offer alternative display formats.
abbrev(inet)
Description: Abbreviated display format as text
Return type: text
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT abbrev(inet '10.1.0.0/16') AS RESULT; result ------------- 10.1.0.0/16 (1 row)abbrev(cidr)
Description: Abbreviated display format as text
Return type: text
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT abbrev(cidr '10.1.0.0/16') AS RESULT; result --------- 10.1/16 (1 row)broadcast(inet)
Description: Broadcast address for networks
Return type: inet
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT broadcast('192.168.1.5/24') AS RESULT; result ------------------ 192.168.1.255/24 (1 row)family(inet)
Description: Extracts family of addresses, 4 for IPv4, and 6 for IPv6.
Return type: int
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT family('127.0.0.1') AS RESULT; result -------- 4 (1 row)host(inet)
Description: Extracts IP addresses as text.
Return type: text
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT host('192.168.1.5/24') AS RESULT; result ------------- 192.168.1.5 (1 row)hostmask(inet)
Description: Constructs the host mask for a network.
Return type: inet
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT hostmask('192.168.23.20/30') AS RESULT; result --------- 0.0.0.3 (1 row)masklen(inet)
Description: Extracts subnet mask length.
Return type: int
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT masklen('192.168.1.5/24') AS RESULT; result -------- 24 (1 row)netmask(inet)
Description: Constructs the subnet mask for a network.
Return type: inet
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT netmask('192.168.1.5/24') AS RESULT; result --------------- 255.255.255.0 (1 row)network(inet)
Description: Extracts the network part of an address.
Return type: cidr
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT network('192.168.1.5/24') AS RESULT; result ---------------- 192.168.1.0/24 (1 row)set_masklen(inet, int)
Description: Sets subnet mask length for the inet value.
Return type: inet
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT set_masklen('192.168.1.5/24', 16) AS RESULT; result ---------------- 192.168.1.5/16 (1 row)set_masklen(cidr, int)
Description: Sets subnet mask length for the cidr value.
Return type: cidr
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT set_masklen('192.168.1.0/24'::cidr, 16) AS RESULT; result ---------------- 192.168.0.0/16 (1 row)text(inet)
Description: Extracts IP addresses and subnet mask length as text.
Return type: text
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT text(inet '192.168.1.5') AS RESULT; result ---------------- 192.168.1.5/32 (1 row)
Any cidr value can be cast to inet implicitly or explicitly; therefore, the functions shown above as operating on inet also work on cidr values. An inet value can be cast to cidr. After the conversion, any bits to the right of the subnet mask are silently zeroed to create a valid cidr value. In addition, you can cast a text string to inet or cidr using normal casting syntax. For example, inet(expression) or colname::cidr.
macaddr Functions
The function trunc(macaddr) returns a MAC address with the last 3 bytes set to zero.
trunc(macaddr)
Description: Sets last 3 bytes to zero.
Return type: macaddr
Example:
openGauss=# SELECT trunc(macaddr '12:34:56:78:90:ab') AS RESULT; result ------------------- 12:34:56:00:00:00 (1 row)
The macaddr type also supports the standard relational operators (such as > and <=) for lexicographical ordering, and the bitwise arithmetic operators (~, & and |) for NOT, AND and OR.