CREATE SYNONYM

Function

CREATE SYNONYM creates a synonym object. A synonym is an alias of a database object and is used to record the mapping between database object names. You can use synonyms to access associated database objects.

Precautions

• The user of a synonym should be its owner.
• If the schema name is specified, create a synonym in the specified schema. Otherwise create a synonym in the current schema.
• Database objects that can be accessed using synonyms include tables, views, functions, and stored procedures.
• To use synonyms, you must have the required permissions on associated objects.
• The following DML statements support synonyms: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, EXPLAIN, and CALL.
• You are not advised to create synonyms for temporary tables. To create a synonym, you need to specify the schema name of the target temporary table. Otherwise, the synonym cannot be used normally. In addition, you need to run the DROP SYNONYM command before the current session ends.
• After an original object is deleted, the synonym associated with the object will not be deleted in cascading mode. If you continue to access the synonym, an error message is displayed, indicating that the synonym has expired.
• Users granted the CREATE ANY SYNONYM permission can create synonyms in user schemas.

Syntax

CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] SYNONYM synonym_name 
    FOR object_name;

Parameter Description

• synonym

  Specifies the name of the synonym to be created, which can contain the schema name.

  Value range: a string. It must comply with the identifier naming convention.

• object_name

  Specifies the name of an object that is associated (optionally with schema names).

  Value range: a string. It must comply with the identifier naming convention.

  NOTE: object_name can be the name of an object that does not exist.

Examples

-- Create schema ot.
openGauss=# CREATE SCHEMA ot;

-- Create table ot.t1 and its synonym t1.
openGauss=# CREATE TABLE ot.t1(id int, name varchar2(10));
openGauss=# CREATE OR REPLACE SYNONYM t1 FOR ot.t1;

-- Use synonym t1.
openGauss=# SELECT * FROM t1;
openGauss=# INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1, 'ada'), (2, 'bob');
openGauss=# UPDATE t1 SET t1.name = 'cici' WHERE t1.id = 2;

-- Create synonym v1 and its associated view ot.v_t1.
openGauss=# CREATE SYNONYM v1 FOR ot.v_t1;
openGauss=# CREATE VIEW ot.v_t1 AS SELECT * FROM ot.t1;

-- Use synonym v1.
openGauss=# SELECT * FROM v1;

-- Create overloaded function ot.add and its synonym add.
openGauss=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ot.add(a integer, b integer) RETURNS integer AS
$$
SELECT $1 + $2
$$
LANGUAGE sql;

openGauss=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ot.add(a decimal(5,2), b decimal(5,2)) RETURNS decimal(5,2) AS
$$
SELECT $1 + $2
$$
LANGUAGE sql;

openGauss=# CREATE OR REPLACE SYNONYM add FOR ot.add;

-- Use synonym add.
openGauss=# SELECT add(1,2);
openGauss=# SELECT add(1.2,2.3);

-- Create stored procedure ot.register and its synonym register.
openGauss=# CREATE PROCEDURE ot.register(n_id integer, n_name varchar2(10))
SECURITY INVOKER
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO ot.t1 VALUES(n_id, n_name);
END;
/

openGauss=# CREATE OR REPLACE SYNONYM register FOR ot.register;

-- Use synonym register to invoke the stored procedure.
openGauss=# CALL register(3,'mia');

-- Delete the synonym.
openGauss=# DROP SYNONYM t1;
openGauss=# DROP SYNONYM IF EXISTS v1;
openGauss=# DROP SYNONYM IF EXISTS add;
openGauss=# DROP SYNONYM register;
openGauss=# DROP SCHEMA ot CASCADE;

Helpful Links

ALTER SYNONYM and DROP SYNONYM